STUDY OF ORTHOGONAL CUTTING IN METALLIC MATERIALS IN TURNING WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF COOLING
Machining processes; Orthogonal Cut; Turning, Cooling.
Turning makes up a large part of the material cutting operations in industry and is one of the most essential processes for material removal using a single point tool. This manufacturing process can be studied through orthogonal cutting, which is the turning operation where the passive force is neglected and the process is evaluated in a two-dimensional way under the influence of feed and cutting force only. The aim of this work was to study orthogonal cutting in three different materials, SAE 4340 steel, 304 stainless steel and grade 5 titanium. Experiments were carried out without cooling (dry cutting), with compressed air cooling and with the use of of a chilled air system. 3 cutting speed levels (95, 210 and 330 m/min) and three feed levels (0.05; 0.12 and 0.25 mm/rev) were adopted. The depth of cut was kept constant at 1.5 mm. The cutting length was 2 mm for the cutting speeds of 95 and 210 m/min, and 3 mm for the cutting speed of 330 m/min. The results showed that the feed is the cutting parameter that most influences the value of the coefficient of friction between the tool and the chip. For SAE 4340 steel, the use of cooling contributed to the reduction of the coefficient of friction, with no significant difference between compressed air and cold air. For stainless steel 304, the presence of cooling did not provide significant changes in the value of the coefficient of friction. On the other hand, for Grade 5 Titanium, considering the speeds of 95 and 210 m/min, the presence of cooling caused an increase in the coefficient of friction, while for the speed of 330 m/min, there was a small decrease of this or there were no significant changes.