EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM APPLICATION AND DIFFERENT NITROGEN SOURCES IN ‘PÊRA’ ORANGE (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) PHYSIOLOGY, NUTRITION AND QUALITY
Urea, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, micronutrient, mineral nutrition, citrus
The obtention of higher yields with good fruit quality is directly associated with proper management methods, including suitable nutrient supply through fertilization. The orange tree (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) has an elevated nitrogen demand, whose assimilation is related to the nitrate reductase enzyme, which contains molybdenum as a cofactor in its structure. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of molybdenum foliar application and different nitrogen fertilizers sources on orange cv. ‘Pera’ physiological and nutritional leaves factors and fruit quality, grown in a commercial orchard. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to the absence and presence of molybdenum foliar fertilization, and three nitrogen sources application: (100% ammonium), ammonium nitrate (50% ammonium and 50% nitrate) and calcium nitrate (100% nitrate). The evaluations consisted of principal component analysis (PCA) of photosynthetic variables, and leaf contents of nitrate, ammonium, molybdenum, proline and pigments analysis, leaf nutritional estimation and fruit quality, related to the physical, physical-chemical and coloring analyses. The physiological parameter's PCA allowed the treatment's division concerning the molybdenum application or its absence. The molybdenum fertilized plants, regardless of the nitrogen source applied, had increased juice yields, higher total soluble solids levels and a more elevated ratio. The molybdenum presence homogenized the titratable acidity and ratio results, regardless of the urea application, ammonium nitrate or calcium nitrate.