Evaluation of the antineoplastic potential of synthetic compounds derived from lapachol and lawsone, isolated and in combination with TMZ, on glioblastoma lineages.
Glioblastoma, drug combination, cell culture, selectivity, TMZ
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent primary brain tumor, uncurable, and with a low survival rate. The triad surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) are limited and no new therapy significantly improves the survival rate of patients with this disease. So, searching for more effective and specific drugs is crucial, especially those capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Due to tumor heterogeneity, the combination of drugs may be the best way to approach this disease. Previous studies have shown that the combination of TMZ with some natural agents enhances its effectiveness against GBM. Accordingly, this study investigated the antitumor effects of 10 naphthoquinones derived from Lapachol and Lawsone, alone and in combination with TMZ, against GBM cell lines. Three compounds A3, A4, and A6 were cytotoxic to all GBM cell lines tested, but only A4 was more selective than TMZ for all lineages, capable of preventing cell migration, and predicted to be able to cross BBB. So, A4 was selected for the combinatory analysis with TMZ. The combinations C1 for U87 (25µM A4 + 122.7 µM TMZ) and C1 for GAMG (8.4µM A4 + 5µM TMZ) showed best selectivity.