Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: SAULO DE NASCIMENTO DE MELO

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : SAULO DE NASCIMENTO DE MELO
DATE: 03/08/2023
TIME: 13:00
LOCAL: Videoconferência
TITLE:

Space-time analysis of leishmaniasis in Brazil in the 21st century and the influence of the human population on the spatial distribution of unrestricted dogs


KEY WORDS:

Em breve.


PAGES: 89
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Medicina
SUMMARY:
Leishmaniasis is a complex of neglected diseases whose clinical manifestations
depend on the species causing the infection. The presence of vectors and reservoir
animals contributes to the maintenance of the disease throughout Brazil.
Geoprocessing tools and spatial statistical analyses in health enable the monitoring
and control of these diseases. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to analyze
the pattern of distribution of the incidence rates of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) and
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in humans over time and identify clusters of higher
occurrence risk in Brazilian municipalities. Additionally, in order to understand the
dynamics of reservoir animals for visceral leishmaniasis, the influence of the human
population on the spatial distribution of unrestricted dogs was analyzed in an endemic
region of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL). The data for the spatial analysis of
leishmaniasis in Brazilian municipalities were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases
and Events System (SINAN), between the years 2001 and 2020. The data regarding
unrestricted dogs were obtained through photographic capture and recapture
procedures in an endemic area of CVL in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais,
Brazil. The statistical analyses applied in this work included the Global and Local
Moran's Index (LISA), spatial scan statistics (SatScan), linear distance matrix, nearest
neighbor analysis, kernel density estimation, and k-function. In the study on
leishmaniasis in Brazil, VL had an incidence rate of 33.53 cases per 100,000
inhabitants, with an increase in the number of municipalities reporting cases over the
period, and priority municipalities concentrated in the states of Tocantins, Maranhão,
Piauí, and Mato Grosso do Sul. On the other hand, CL had an incidence rate of 11
cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with a slight downward trend in the number of
municipalities reporting cases, and priority municipalities concentrated in the states of
Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia, Amapá, Roraima, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Maranhão,
and Pará. In the study involving the population of unrestricted dogs, a total of 1207
captures and recaptures were conducted, involving 554 dogs. There were 151 feeding
stations and 124 food establishments recorded. In all captures, a higher concentration
of dogs was observed in areas where food sources were installed. Positive spatial
autocorrelation was identified within a distance of up to 500m between the spatial
distribution of unrestricted dogs and the locations of feeding stations and food
establishments. Overall, dogs were significantly (P<0.01) closer to feeding stations
(median distance of 1.2km) than to food establishments (median distance of 1.4km).
The identified areas are useful for understanding the spatial dynamics of the disease
in the country, and the prioritized areas should be targeted in leishmaniasis control
efforts. Furthermore, elucidating the ecology of unrestricted dogs and their interactions
in urban environments enables the improvement of strategies aimed at animal welfare
and prevention of zoonotic diseases.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - ELIZABETH FERREIRA RANGEL - Fiocruz - RJ
Presidente - 174.655.676-53 - PAULO AUGUSTO MOREIRA CAMARGOS - UFMG
Externa à Instituição - THAIS PREISSER PONTELO - SS256
Notícia cadastrada em: 14/07/2023 10:45
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