Na,K-ATPase, oxidative stress, antioxidants, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, meta-analysis

Neurological disorders are the second leading cause of mortality in the world and among these diseases are epilepsy and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by epileptic seizures due to neuronal hyperexcitability, while in PD there is a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which leads to a depletion of dopamine (DA) in the striatum. The etiology of both diseases is complex, but there are indications that they may be associated with failures in Na,K-ATPase (NKA) activity and oxidative stress, as well as mutations in the ATP1A3 gene that codes for NKA. We conducted two systematic reviews with meta-

analyses to investigate the impact of antioxidant therapy on NKA activity, oxidative stress, motor and non-motor dysfunction in PD models, epileptic seizure latency and mortality in epilepsy/convulsion models. Considering the study design (PROSPERO/CRD42022356960- epilepsy and PROSPERO/ CRD42022357180-DP), 22 articles for

the systematic review and 14 for the meta-analysis were included in the epilepsy study, while 15 articles for the systematic review and 12 for the meta-analysis were included in the PD study, from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results show that there is neural dysfunction in all epilepsy/convulsion

and PD models, with a reduction in NKA activity and antioxidant defenses with potential cell damage, which was accompanied by motor and non-motor dysfunction in PD models and an increase in seizures and death in epilepsy/convulsion models. In this context, antioxidant therapy reversed the biochemical parameters, motor and non-motor dysfunctions altered by PD, as well as reducing the occurrence of seizures and mortality in the epilepsy/convulsion models. Thus, our results confirm the neuroprotective effects of antioxidants in epilepsy/convulsion and PD used both prophylactically and therapeutically.