Banca de DEFESA: RAÍSSA VENTURA BAMBIRRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : RAÍSSA VENTURA BAMBIRRA
DATA : 28/02/2020
HORA: 10:00
LOCAL: SALA 1.49 - CAMPUS DOM BOSCO
TÍTULO:

USO DO SOLO E SEU EFEITO NA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA NO SOLO E NA ÁGUA

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Organic matter; the phosphor; use of the soil.

PÁGINAS: 129
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Humanas
ÁREA: Geografia
RESUMO:

The present study aimed to expand the understanding of the interaction of organic materials, present in the soil with phosphorus as a function of management. Therefore, a hypothesis adopted is based on no fact that human activities, such as agriculture and urbanization have a great impact on soil behavior. Organic matter acts, among other things, such as soil structure and nutrient disposition. Phosphorus, like nitrogen and other elements, can be made available by organic matter through decomposition. One of the methods adopted in this research was to carry out the soil collection in the sections of bodies of water. The soil samples were collected in three different places depending on the management and the type of soil prevalent in the place. The collection points are located in the municipalities of: Carandaí, Prados and Tiradentes, collection in the Rio das Mortes basin. All members of the Campo das Vertentes formation. The collection and subsequent analysis of the water removal procedures and the result of this research were performed as a meter of possible soil components that were created for the bodies of water that occurred in the collection. Said service can, among other factors, occur via leaching or erosion, both soil residues. The bodies analyzed in the research were: Riacho Arenoso, Córrego Sumidouro and Córrego do Bichinho. A general objective of the research was to analyze the importance of the relation between organic matter and phosphorus present in the soil and / or in water, in places with different uses of the soil and where this can lead to the physical attributes of texture / granulometry. And as applicable objectives: to verify how the use of the soil and the organic content of the soils influences the amount of organic matter found in the tributaries; quantify as organic and inorganic species of phosphorus (P) that are present in soil and water in natural and anthropomorphized areas (pastures and agriculture), as a way of assessing soil quality according to its use; and, check how texture / granulometry can affect the flow of organic matter and phosphorus in the soil. How the soil samples collected took into consideration the type of soil that was representative of each region worked, that is, the management. Thus, 3 samples were collected from the agricultural area, which differ in terms of soil type (Profile 1 - Gleissolo, Profile 2 - Spodosol and Profile 3 - Latosol), 2 samples from the natural area (Profile 4 - Cambisol and Profile 5 - Cambisol / Latosol) and 1 sample from the urban area (Profile 6 - Gleissolo). From the collected soil and water analyzes, it was possible to arrive at the following results: in profiles 1 and 2 it was found, through the content of clay and organic matter (OM), a transformation and translocation process, characteristic of the podolization process. The levels of P available in depth indicate a translocation along profile 1, probably associated with interactions with OM. As for profile 2, although it presented a loss horizon E, the translocation of P. was also verified. Profile 3 showed a reduction of OM along the profile due to the topography of the place, whereas the phosphorus showed loss in the intermediate horizon B1 1.4 mg.dm-3 , and an increase in depth of 0.1 mg.dm-3 . This increase may result from the leaching of OM, which favors a higher content of P available in the soil. In profile 4, there was an abrupt decrease in the phosphorus content from the superficial layer to the subsurface, following the decreases in OM and clay. For this profile, phosphorus available from OM was not considered, since there are no favorable conditions for the disposal of phosphorus, such as high pH or decomposition, since most of the OM was leached. In profile 5, there was an abrupt decrease in the phosphorus content from the superficial layer to the subsurface, following the decreases in OM and clay. And profile 6 showed a decrease in the MO content and an increase in the surface for the subsurface. The phosphorus content followed the decreasing MO content and, unlike profile 1, the phosphorus in the subsurface layer is lower than in the surface layer. One of the reasons for the decrease in P is loss by leaching, another possible reason is the reduction of Fe contained in the clay oxides, as seen in profile 1, causing the release of P. Water samples were also collected depending on soil management. The sampling consisted of 3 collections made in each of the 3 sections of the analyzed water bodies, totaling 27 samples per year. The collections took place in the years 2017 and 2018, thus, 54 samples were collected. In water, the first variables analyzed were: conductivity and dissolved oxygen, measured using the multiparameter probe (model 556, Yellow Springs Instruments USA). In sequence, the following were analyzed: total dissolved phosphorus (PTD), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and, from this, dissolved organic phosphorus (POD). Such analyzes took place in an automated flow spectrophotometric injection system (FIA, from Flow Injection Analysis, FIALab 2500, USA). The conductivity in urban water bodies was accentuated. Dissolved oxygen for water bodies in Tiradentes and Carandaí falls within the basic values of Classes I and III, according to CONAMA resolution No. 375/05, since they presented values for the years 2017 and 2018 above 4mg / L and 6mg / L, respectively 14.27 and 6.64; 11.56 and 81.7 mg.L-1 . The value verified in the water body of the municipality of Prados was outside the baseline values only for the measure for the year 2018, where the value found was 3.70 mg.L-1. Thus, the urban water body in Prados is probably already well polluted by organic matter (domestic sewage), which causes an increase in the body's water respiration and thus the low OD values found. The PTD value verified in the three regions was not very high when compared to the values found in the literature. SRP concentrations were low at all points collected, regardless of soil management. Thus, the effects of urban and agricultural land use were not evident on the SRP concentrations, which may be related to the high capacity of the soils in the P sorption region. POD values were considered normal since in literature, low and independent concentrations of soil management have been verified. From the results analyzed, it was possible to conclude that land use affects the amount of OM and thus the availability of phosphorus in the soil in an inversely proportional way in the natural and urban environments. However, when evaluating these two independent variables, it is not possible to create an impact table, since there was no significant Pearson correlation between the levels of PT and PTD.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 1671307 - BJORN GUCKER
Presidente - 1375368 - LEONARDO CRISTIAN ROCHA
Externo à Instituição - LUIZ EDUARDO PANISSET TRAVASSOS - PUC-MINAS
Interno - 1729282 - MUCIO DO AMARAL FIGUEIREDO