Human action through land use exerts a significant impact on aquatic ecosystems. Urbanization and agricultural activities induce alterations in natural environments, affecting biodiversity, nutrient dynamics, and organic matter in water resources, which directly influences biofilms (microbial communities attached to surfaces) in streams. However, despite these changes, biofilms demonstrate remarkable resilience to environmental stressors, a characteristic that directly influences the stability and functionality of river ecosystems. This study aims to compare the resistance and resilience of biofilms to impacts caused by different land use landscapes (agricultural, urban, and natural) over a seasonal cycle (dry-wet-dry). The community composition, biomass, and C:N stoichiometry were analyzed. The study hypotheses were as follows: (1) The urban stream segment exhibits higher concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen nutrients in water compared to the agricultural and natural segments. Due to this characteristic and higher light availability in urban and agricultural segments, (2) the natural segment's biofilm should generally possess higher concentrations of heterotrophic biomass and C:N values compared to biofilms in the agricultural and urban segments. Furthermore, (3) biofilms in the agricultural and urban segments show lower resistance and resilience during the seasonal cycle compared to the biofilm in the natural segment. The urban, agricultural, and natural segments of Santo Antônio stream, located in Tiradentes (MG), were sampled monthly over one year, and water and biofilm samples were taken during a seasonal period of dry-wet-dry. Concurrently, in situ limnological and hydrodynamic variables were recorded for flow and flow velocity analysis. Geographic analyses were also conducted to understand land use characteristics around Santo Antônio stream. Preliminary results of water nutrient analyses confirm hypothesis 1, showing variations in phosphorous and nitrogen nutrient concentrations during the rainy period, with lower values in the natural segment, intermediate values in the agricultural segment, and higher values in the urban segments. Data from the fluvial biofilm support hypothesis 2, revealing a predominantly heterotrophic community in the natural segment with the presence of bacteria and a higher presence of autotrophic organisms in the agricultural and urban segments, including diatoms, flagellated algae from Euglenoplyta and Zignematophyta, and Chlorophyta species in the urban segment. Additionally, the results indicate that the land use around the stream is predominantly urban, with significant patches of pasture, reinforcing the relationship between land use and changes in riparian ecosystems. Analysis for hypothesis 3 will be conducted later to further validate the previous findings regarding resilience and resistance testing, contributing to a better understanding of the complex interactions between land use, environmental changes, and biofilm dynamics in fluvial environments.