Enantioselective determination of tramadol in plasma by capillary electrophoresis employing molecularly imprinted polymer as adsorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction
Magnetic solid phase extraction, molecularly imprinted polymer, restricted access material, enantiomer separation
Tramadol (TRM) is an opioid analgesic used from moderate to severe pain, its use may have side effects such as nausea, drowsiness and concentration loss. The drug is marketed as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers (1R, 2R) (1S, 2S). From the above, two analytical methods by capillary electrophoresis (CE) were developed for the TRM determination in human plasma, one of them non-enantioselective and the other enantioselective using S-β-CD. In addition, a restricted access magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) double coated with hydrophilic monomer and bovine serum albubbin (BSA) named RA-MMIP-HM-BSA was successfully synthesized and it was used effectively in MSPE. In sample preparation, several MSPE parameters were optimized, such as: pH and volume sample, elution solvent and its volume, stirring time, wash solvent, material amount and reuse obtaining TRM recoveries reproducible and close to 100%. The analytical method was validated obtaining linearity in the range of 100-3000 ng mL-1, in addition to being selective, precise and accurate, presenting a LOQ of 100 ng mL-1 for both enantiomers, which makes it possible its determination on real samples.