KEYWORDS: Conservation Unit; Protected Area; Traditional peoples; Biomes Miners; Arts; Socio-environmental; Extractive reserve.

Discussion involving the conservation of Natural Areas and environmental conflicts is frequent arising from this process. The concern with preserving and conserving natural resources is intensified as a result of the way society has acted inconsequentially in these areas, mainly due to urban pressure, the disordered production of residues, activities farming, mining and deforestation. Given the above, the focus of the research was to assess as the SNUC (National System for the Conservation of Nature) has guaranteed the rights and social justice of traditional peoples, ensuring the maintenance of the identity sociocultural aspects, in addition to exercising its elementary purpose: to protect these areas which are considered strategic for nature conservation. To perform the research it was necessary to use the database of environmental conflicts made available by the GESTA (UFMG Study Group on Environmental Issues), which directly contributed for the construction of tables that facilitated the analysis in order to understand if the SNUC corroborates or not to minimize the socioenvironmental conflicts linked by the creation of Conservation Units. What was found after the research is that conflicts listed by GESTA could have been avoided had the legislation been applied correct, that is: SNUC is in compliance with current demand, and is still the best tool for the preservation / conservation of nature. In addition, the present research listed the important historical milestones that contributed to the creation of the current legislation (SNUC) and analyzed its assumptions and the existing number of areas destined for the preservation / conservation of environmental areas in the state of Minas Gerais in comparison with the country, highlighting the conservation of existing biomes in the region. After conduct the research and raise discussions about the conflicts observed, it was possible to report an experience lived by the author in the Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve in state of Pará, in which a quantitative research was carried out through a questionnaire with local people, who helped to understand what the way of life of people is that remain in these preserved areas.